SUBROUTINE SPPSVX( FACT, UPLO, N, NRHS, AP, AFP, EQUED, S, B, LDB,
$ X, LDX, RCOND, FERR, BERR, WORK, IWORK, INFO )
*
* -- LAPACK driver routine (version 3.1) --
* Univ. of Tennessee, Univ. of California Berkeley and NAG Ltd..
* November 2006
*
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
CHARACTER EQUED, FACT, UPLO
INTEGER INFO, LDB, LDX, N, NRHS
REAL RCOND
* ..
* .. Array Arguments ..
INTEGER IWORK( * )
REAL AFP( * ), AP( * ), B( LDB, * ), BERR( * ),
$ FERR( * ), S( * ), WORK( * ), X( LDX, * )
* ..
*
* Purpose
* =======
*
* SPPSVX uses the Cholesky factorization A = U**T*U or A = L*L**T to
* compute the solution to a real system of linear equations
* A * X = B,
* where A is an N-by-N symmetric positive definite matrix stored in
* packed format and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.
*
* Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also
* provided.
*
* Description
* ===========
*
* The following steps are performed:
*
* 1. If FACT = 'E', real scaling factors are computed to equilibrate
* the system:
* diag(S) * A * diag(S) * inv(diag(S)) * X = diag(S) * B
* Whether or not the system will be equilibrated depends on the
* scaling of the matrix A, but if equilibration is used, A is
* overwritten by diag(S)*A*diag(S) and B by diag(S)*B.
*
* 2. If FACT = 'N' or 'E', the Cholesky decomposition is used to
* factor the matrix A (after equilibration if FACT = 'E') as
* A = U**T* U, if UPLO = 'U', or
* A = L * L**T, if UPLO = 'L',
* where U is an upper triangular matrix and L is a lower triangular
* matrix.
*
* 3. If the leading i-by-i principal minor is not positive definite,
* then the routine returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored
* form of A is used to estimate the condition number of the matrix
* A. If the reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine
* precision, INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine
* still goes on to solve for X and compute error bounds as
* described below.
*
* 4. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form
* of A.
*
* 5. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution
* matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates
* for it.
*
* 6. If equilibration was used, the matrix X is premultiplied by
* diag(S) so that it solves the original system before
* equilibration.
*
* Arguments
* =========
*
* FACT (input) CHARACTER*1
* Specifies whether or not the factored form of the matrix A is
* supplied on entry, and if not, whether the matrix A should be
* equilibrated before it is factored.
* = 'F': On entry, AFP contains the factored form of A.
* If EQUED = 'Y', the matrix A has been equilibrated
* with scaling factors given by S. AP and AFP will not
* be modified.
* = 'N': The matrix A will be copied to AFP and factored.
* = 'E': The matrix A will be equilibrated if necessary, then
* copied to AFP and factored.
*
* UPLO (input) CHARACTER*1
* = 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored;
* = 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored.
*
* N (input) INTEGER
* The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of the
* matrix A. N >= 0.
*
* NRHS (input) INTEGER
* The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns
* of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0.
*
* AP (input/output) REAL array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
* On entry, the upper or lower triangle of the symmetric matrix
* A, packed columnwise in a linear array, except if FACT = 'F'
* and EQUED = 'Y', then A must contain the equilibrated matrix
* diag(S)*A*diag(S). The j-th column of A is stored in the
* array AP as follows:
* if UPLO = 'U', AP(i + (j-1)*j/2) = A(i,j) for 1<=i<=j;
* if UPLO = 'L', AP(i + (j-1)*(2n-j)/2) = A(i,j) for j<=i<=n.
* See below for further details. A is not modified if
* FACT = 'F' or 'N', or if FACT = 'E' and EQUED = 'N' on exit.
*
* On exit, if FACT = 'E' and EQUED = 'Y', A is overwritten by
* diag(S)*A*diag(S).
*
* AFP (input or output) REAL array, dimension
* (N*(N+1)/2)
* If FACT = 'F', then AFP is an input argument and on entry
* contains the triangular factor U or L from the Cholesky
* factorization A = U'*U or A = L*L', in the same storage
* format as A. If EQUED .ne. 'N', then AFP is the factored
* form of the equilibrated matrix A.
*
* If FACT = 'N', then AFP is an output argument and on exit
* returns the triangular factor U or L from the Cholesky
* factorization A = U'*U or A = L*L' of the original matrix A.
*
* If FACT = 'E', then AFP is an output argument and on exit
* returns the triangular factor U or L from the Cholesky
* factorization A = U'*U or A = L*L' of the equilibrated
* matrix A (see the description of AP for the form of the
* equilibrated matrix).
*
* EQUED (input or output) CHARACTER*1
* Specifies the form of equilibration that was done.
* = 'N': No equilibration (always true if FACT = 'N').
* = 'Y': Equilibration was done, i.e., A has been replaced by
* diag(S) * A * diag(S).
* EQUED is an input argument if FACT = 'F'; otherwise, it is an
* output argument.
*
* S (input or output) REAL array, dimension (N)
* The scale factors for A; not accessed if EQUED = 'N'. S is
* an input argument if FACT = 'F'; otherwise, S is an output
* argument. If FACT = 'F' and EQUED = 'Y', each element of S
* must be positive.
*
* B (input/output) REAL array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
* On entry, the N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
* On exit, if EQUED = 'N', B is not modified; if EQUED = 'Y',
* B is overwritten by diag(S) * B.
*
* LDB (input) INTEGER
* The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).
*
* X (output) REAL array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
* If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X to
* the original system of equations. Note that if EQUED = 'Y',
* A and B are modified on exit, and the solution to the
* equilibrated system is inv(diag(S))*X.
*
* LDX (input) INTEGER
* The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).
*
* RCOND (output) REAL
* The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix
* A after equilibration (if done). If RCOND is less than the
* machine precision (in particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix
* is singular to working precision. This condition is
* indicated by a return code of INFO > 0.
*
* FERR (output) REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
* The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector
* X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X).
* If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j)
* is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest
* element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the
* largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as
* the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight
* overestimate of the true error.
*
* BERR (output) REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
* The componentwise relative backward error of each solution
* vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in
* any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).
*
* WORK (workspace) REAL array, dimension (3*N)
*
* IWORK (workspace) INTEGER array, dimension (N)
*
* INFO (output) INTEGER
* = 0: successful exit
* < 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
* > 0: if INFO = i, and i is
* <= N: the leading minor of order i of A is
* not positive definite, so the factorization
* could not be completed, and the solution has not
* been computed. RCOND = 0 is returned.
* = N+1: U is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine
* precision, meaning that the matrix is singular
* to working precision. Nevertheless, the
* solution and error bounds are computed because
* there are a number of situations where the
* computed solution can be more accurate than the
* value of RCOND would suggest.
*
* Further Details
* ===============
*
* The packed storage scheme is illustrated by the following example
* when N = 4, UPLO = 'U':
*
* Two-dimensional storage of the symmetric matrix A:
*
* a11 a12 a13 a14
* a22 a23 a24
* a33 a34 (aij = conjg(aji))
* a44
*
* Packed storage of the upper triangle of A:
*
* AP = [ a11, a12, a22, a13, a23, a33, a14, a24, a34, a44 ]
*
* =====================================================================
*
* .. Parameters ..
REAL ZERO, ONE
PARAMETER ( ZERO = 0.0E+0, ONE = 1.0E+0 )
* ..
* .. Local Scalars ..
LOGICAL EQUIL, NOFACT, RCEQU
INTEGER I, INFEQU, J
REAL AMAX, ANORM, BIGNUM, SCOND, SMAX, SMIN, SMLNUM
* ..
* .. External Functions ..
LOGICAL LSAME
REAL SLAMCH, SLANSP
EXTERNAL LSAME, SLAMCH, SLANSP
* ..
* .. External Subroutines ..
EXTERNAL SCOPY, SLACPY, SLAQSP, SPPCON, SPPEQU, SPPRFS,
$ SPPTRF, SPPTRS, XERBLA
* ..
* .. Intrinsic Functions ..
INTRINSIC MAX, MIN
* ..
* .. Executable Statements ..
*
INFO = 0
NOFACT = LSAME( FACT, 'N' )
EQUIL = LSAME( FACT, 'E' )
IF( NOFACT .OR. EQUIL ) THEN
EQUED = 'N'
RCEQU = .FALSE.
ELSE
RCEQU = LSAME( EQUED, 'Y' )
SMLNUM = SLAMCH( 'Safe minimum' )
BIGNUM = ONE / SMLNUM
END IF
*
* Test the input parameters.
*
IF( .NOT.NOFACT .AND. .NOT.EQUIL .AND. .NOT.LSAME( FACT, 'F' ) )
$ THEN
INFO = -1
ELSE IF( .NOT.LSAME( UPLO, 'U' ) .AND. .NOT.LSAME( UPLO, 'L' ) )
$ THEN
INFO = -2
ELSE IF( N.LT.0 ) THEN
INFO = -3
ELSE IF( NRHS.LT.0 ) THEN
INFO = -4
ELSE IF( LSAME( FACT, 'F' ) .AND. .NOT.
$ ( RCEQU .OR. LSAME( EQUED, 'N' ) ) ) THEN
INFO = -7
ELSE
IF( RCEQU ) THEN
SMIN = BIGNUM
SMAX = ZERO
DO 10 J = 1, N
SMIN = MIN( SMIN, S( J ) )
SMAX = MAX( SMAX, S( J ) )
10 CONTINUE
IF( SMIN.LE.ZERO ) THEN
INFO = -8
ELSE IF( N.GT.0 ) THEN
SCOND = MAX( SMIN, SMLNUM ) / MIN( SMAX, BIGNUM )
ELSE
SCOND = ONE
END IF
END IF
IF( INFO.EQ.0 ) THEN
IF( LDB.LT.MAX( 1, N ) ) THEN
INFO = -10
ELSE IF( LDX.LT.MAX( 1, N ) ) THEN
INFO = -12
END IF
END IF
END IF
*
IF( INFO.NE.0 ) THEN
CALL XERBLA( 'SPPSVX', -INFO )
RETURN
END IF
*
IF( EQUIL ) THEN
*
* Compute row and column scalings to equilibrate the matrix A.
*
CALL SPPEQU( UPLO, N, AP, S, SCOND, AMAX, INFEQU )
IF( INFEQU.EQ.0 ) THEN
*
* Equilibrate the matrix.
*
CALL SLAQSP( UPLO, N, AP, S, SCOND, AMAX, EQUED )
RCEQU = LSAME( EQUED, 'Y' )
END IF
END IF
*
* Scale the right-hand side.
*
IF( RCEQU ) THEN
DO 30 J = 1, NRHS
DO 20 I = 1, N
B( I, J ) = S( I )*B( I, J )
20 CONTINUE
30 CONTINUE
END IF
*
IF( NOFACT .OR. EQUIL ) THEN
*
* Compute the Cholesky factorization A = U'*U or A = L*L'.
*
CALL SCOPY( N*( N+1 ) / 2, AP, 1, AFP, 1 )
CALL SPPTRF( UPLO, N, AFP, INFO )
*
* Return if INFO is non-zero.
*
IF( INFO.GT.0 )THEN
RCOND = ZERO
RETURN
END IF
END IF
*
* Compute the norm of the matrix A.
*
ANORM = SLANSP( 'I', UPLO, N, AP, WORK )
*
* Compute the reciprocal of the condition number of A.
*
CALL SPPCON( UPLO, N, AFP, ANORM, RCOND, WORK, IWORK, INFO )
*
* Compute the solution matrix X.
*
CALL SLACPY( 'Full', N, NRHS, B, LDB, X, LDX )
CALL SPPTRS( UPLO, N, NRHS, AFP, X, LDX, INFO )
*
* Use iterative refinement to improve the computed solution and
* compute error bounds and backward error estimates for it.
*
CALL SPPRFS( UPLO, N, NRHS, AP, AFP, B, LDB, X, LDX, FERR, BERR,
$ WORK, IWORK, INFO )
*
* Transform the solution matrix X to a solution of the original
* system.
*
IF( RCEQU ) THEN
DO 50 J = 1, NRHS
DO 40 I = 1, N
X( I, J ) = S( I )*X( I, J )
40 CONTINUE
50 CONTINUE
DO 60 J = 1, NRHS
FERR( J ) = FERR( J ) / SCOND
60 CONTINUE
END IF
*
* Set INFO = N+1 if the matrix is singular to working precision.
*
IF( RCOND.LT.SLAMCH( 'Epsilon' ) )
$ INFO = N + 1
*
RETURN
*
* End of SPPSVX
*
END