There is a method for drawing from a
Gdk::Pixbuf to a Cairo::Context.
A Gdk::Pixbuf buffer is a useful wrapper
around a collection of pixels, which can be read from files, and
manipulated in various ways.
Probably the most common way of creating
Gdk::Pixbufs is to use
Gdk::Pixbuf::create_from_file() or
Gdk::Pixbuf::create_from_resource(),
which can read an image file, such as a png file into a pixbuf
ready for rendering.
The Gdk::Pixbuf can be rendered by setting
it as the source pattern of the Cairo context with
Gdk::Cairo::set_source_pixbuf().
Then draw the image with either Cairo::Context::paint()
(to draw the whole image), or Cairo::Context::rectangle()
and Cairo::Context::fill() (to fill the
specified rectangle). set_source_pixbuf()
is not a member of Cairo::Context. It takes
a Cairo::Context as its first parameter.
Here is a small bit of code to tie it all together: (Note that usually you wouldn't load the image every time in the draw signal handler! It's just shown here to keep it all together.)
bool MyArea::on_draw(const Cairo::RefPtr<Cairo::Context>& cr)
{
Glib::RefPtr<Gdk::Pixbuf> image = Gdk::Pixbuf::create_from_file("myimage.png");
// Draw the image at 110, 90, except for the outermost 10 pixels.
Gdk::Cairo::set_source_pixbuf(cr, image, 100, 80);
cr->rectangle(110, 90, image->get_width()-20, image->get_height()-20);
cr->fill();
return true;
}
Here is an example of a simple program that draws an image. The program loads the image from a resource file. See the Gio::Resource and glib-compile-resources section. Use glib-compile-resources to compile the resources into a C source file that can be compiled and linked with the C++ code. E.g.
$ glib-compile-resources --target=resources.c --generate-source image.gresource.xml
File: myarea.h (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLE_MYAREA_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLE_MYAREA_H
#include <gtkmm/drawingarea.h>
#include <gdkmm/pixbuf.h>
class MyArea : public Gtk::DrawingArea
{
public:
MyArea();
virtual ~MyArea();
protected:
//Override default signal handler:
virtual bool on_draw(const Cairo::RefPtr<Cairo::Context>& cr);
Glib::RefPtr<Gdk::Pixbuf> m_image;
};
#endif // GTKMM_EXAMPLE_MYAREA_H
File: myarea.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
#include "myarea.h"
#include <cairomm/context.h>
#include <giomm/resource.h>
#include <gdkmm/general.h> // set_source_pixbuf()
#include <glibmm/fileutils.h>
#include <iostream>
MyArea::MyArea()
{
try
{
// The fractal image has been created by the XaoS program.
// http://xaos.sourceforge.net
m_image = Gdk::Pixbuf::create_from_resource("/image/fractal_image.png");
}
catch(const Gio::ResourceError& ex)
{
std::cerr << "ResourceError: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch(const Gdk::PixbufError& ex)
{
std::cerr << "PixbufError: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
// Show at least a quarter of the image.
if (m_image)
set_size_request(m_image->get_width()/2, m_image->get_height()/2);
}
MyArea::~MyArea()
{
}
bool MyArea::on_draw(const Cairo::RefPtr<Cairo::Context>& cr)
{
if (!m_image)
return false;
Gtk::Allocation allocation = get_allocation();
const int width = allocation.get_width();
const int height = allocation.get_height();
// Draw the image in the middle of the drawing area, or (if the image is
// larger than the drawing area) draw the middle part of the image.
Gdk::Cairo::set_source_pixbuf(cr, m_image,
(width - m_image->get_width())/2, (height - m_image->get_height())/2);
cr->paint();
return true;
}
File: main.cc (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
#include "myarea.h"
#include <gtkmm/application.h>
#include <gtkmm/window.h>
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Application> app = Gtk::Application::create(argc, argv, "org.gtkmm.example");
Gtk::Window win;
win.set_title("DrawingArea");
win.set_default_size(300, 200);
MyArea area;
win.add(area);
area.show();
return app->run(win);
}
File: image.gresource.xml (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<gresources>
<gresource prefix="/image">
<file>fractal_image.png</file>
</gresource>
</gresources>