<?xml version="1.0"?>
<div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> be    <a href="polyform.html#M1" title="POLYFORM:mode.1">polyhedron</a> ;<br/>

<b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:123"/><i><font color="Green" title="E104">A1</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> is <a href="polyform.html#V1" title="POLYFORM:attr.1">simply-connected</a>
 ;<br/>

<b>set </b><font color="Maroon" title="c2">apcs</font> =  <a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>;<br/>
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1"><b>per </b></a><a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><b>cases </b></a><span class="hide"><a NAME="E1:123_1"/>
(  <a href="polyform.html#K7" title="POLYFORM:func.7">dim</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  or  <a href="polyform.html#K7" title="POLYFORM:func.7">dim</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR4" title="XXREAL_0:NR.4">&gt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  )
 </span>;<br/><div class="add"><div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_1"><b>suppose </b></a><a NAME="E1:123_1_1"/>
 <a href="polyform.html#K7" title="POLYFORM:func.7">dim</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a> 
 ;<br/><div class="add"><b>hence </b><a NAME="E2:123_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> is <a href="polyform.html#V2" title="POLYFORM:attr.2">eulerian</a>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="polyform.html#T88" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:th.88">Th88</a></i>;<br/></div><b>end;</b></div><div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_2"><b>suppose </b></a><a NAME="E1:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E105">A2</font></i>: 
 <a href="polyform.html#K7" title="POLYFORM:func.7">dim</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR4" title="XXREAL_0:NR.4">&gt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a> 
 ;<br/><div class="add"><a NAME="E2:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E106">A3</font></i>: 
 <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR4" title="XXREAL_0:NR.4">&gt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a> 
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E1:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E105">A2</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="polyform.html#D25" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:def.25">Def25</a></i>;<br/><b>deffunc </b><font color="Maroon">H<sub>1</sub></font>(  <a href="nat_1.html#NM1" title="NAT_1:NM.1">Nat</a>) <b>-&gt; </b>   <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a>  = <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default">$1 <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default">$1 <a href="real_1.html#K5" title="REAL_1:func.5">-</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>;<br/><b>deffunc </b><font color="Maroon">H<sub>2</sub></font>(  <a href="nat_1.html#NM1" title="NAT_1:NM.1">Nat</a>) <b>-&gt; </b>   <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a>  = <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default">$1 <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default">$1 <a href="real_1.html#K5" title="REAL_1:func.5">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K23" title="POLYFORM:func.23">-circuit-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>;<br/><b>consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font> being   <a href="finseq_1.html#NM1" title="FINSEQ_1:NM.1">FinSequence</a><b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E4:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E107">A4</font></i>: 
 <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E5:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E108">A5</font></i>: 
for <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> being  <a href="nat_1.html#NM1" title="NAT_1:NM.1">Nat</a>  st <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> holds <br/><font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon">H<sub>1</sub></font>(<font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font>)
 <b>from </b><i><a class="ref" href="finseq_1.html#S2" title="FINSEQ_1:sch.2">FINSEQ_1:sch 2</a>();<br/></i><b>consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font> being   <a href="finseq_1.html#NM1" title="FINSEQ_1:NM.1">FinSequence</a><b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E7:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E109">A6</font></i>: 
 <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E8:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E110">A7</font></i>: 
for <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> being  <a href="nat_1.html#NM1" title="NAT_1:NM.1">Nat</a>  st <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> holds <br/><font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon">H<sub>2</sub></font>(<font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font>)
 <b>from </b><i><a class="ref" href="finseq_1.html#S2" title="FINSEQ_1:sch.2">FINSEQ_1:sch 2</a>();<br/></i><a NAME="E9:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E111">A8</font></i>: 
(  <a href="relat_1.html#K2" title="RELAT_1:func.2">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a>  &amp;  <a href="relat_1.html#K2" title="RELAT_1:func.2">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a>  )
 <div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_2_1"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>thus </b><a NAME="E1:123_1_2_1"/>
 <a href="relat_1.html#K2" title="RELAT_1:func.2">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a> 
 <div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_2_1_1"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c5">y</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">set</a> ; <i><font color="Red">:: according to </font></i><a class="ref" href="tarski.html#D3" title="TARSKI:def.3">TARSKI:def 3</a><br/>

<b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:123_1_2_1_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E112">A9</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">y</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K2" title="RELAT_1:func.2">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font>
 ;<br/>

<b>consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">set</a> <b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E3:123_1_2_1_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A10</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K4" title="FINSEQ_1:func.4">dom</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E4:123_1_2_1_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A11</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">y</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E1:123_1_2_1_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E112">A9</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="funct_1.html#D5" title="FUNCT_1:def.5">FUNCT_1:def 5</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:123_1_2_1_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A12</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E4:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E107">A4</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E3:123_1_2_1_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A10</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="finseq_1.html#D3" title="FINSEQ_1:def.3">FINSEQ_1:def 3</a></i>;<br/>
<b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c7">x</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font> as    <a href="subset_1.html#M2" title="SUBSET_1:mode.2">Element</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">NAT</a>  <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2_1_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A12</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E7:123_1_2_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">x</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">x</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E108">A5</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2_1_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A12</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E8:123_1_2_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">y</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a> 
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E4:123_1_2_1_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A11</font></i></a></i>;<br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div>

<b>thus </b><a NAME="E2:123_1_2_1"/>
 <a href="relat_1.html#K2" title="RELAT_1:func.2">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a> 
 <div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_2_1_2"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c5">y</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">set</a> ; <i><font color="Red">:: according to </font></i><a class="ref" href="tarski.html#D3" title="TARSKI:def.3">TARSKI:def 3</a><br/>

<b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:123_1_2_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E112">A13</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">y</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K2" title="RELAT_1:func.2">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font>
 ;<br/>

<b>consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">set</a> <b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E3:123_1_2_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A14</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K4" title="FINSEQ_1:func.4">dom</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E4:123_1_2_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A15</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">y</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E1:123_1_2_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E112">A13</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="funct_1.html#D5" title="FUNCT_1:def.5">FUNCT_1:def 5</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:123_1_2_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A16</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E7:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E109">A6</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E3:123_1_2_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A14</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="finseq_1.html#D3" title="FINSEQ_1:def.3">FINSEQ_1:def 3</a></i>;<br/>
<b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c7">x</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c6">x</font> as    <a href="subset_1.html#M2" title="SUBSET_1:mode.2">Element</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">NAT</a>  <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A16</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E7:123_1_2_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">x</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">x</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K23" title="POLYFORM:func.23">-circuit-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E8:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E110">A7</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A16</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E8:123_1_2_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">y</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a> 
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E4:123_1_2_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A15</font></i></a></i>;<br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div>


</div><b>end;</b></div><b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c3">a</font>, <font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c4">b</font> as    <a href="finseq_1.html#M2" title="FINSEQ_1:mode.2">FinSequence</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K4" title="NUMBERS:func.4">INT</a>  <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E9:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E111">A8</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="finseq_1.html#D4" title="FINSEQ_1:def.4">FINSEQ_1:def 4</a></i>;<br/><a NAME="E11:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E112">A17</font></i>: 
for <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> being  <a href="nat_1.html#NM1" title="NAT_1:NM.1">Nat</a>  st 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> holds <br/><span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font></span>)</span> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K2" title="XCMPLX_0:func.2">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font></span>)</span>
 <div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_2_2"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> be   <a href="nat_1.html#NM1" title="NAT_1:NM.1">Nat</a>;<br/>

<b>assume </b><b>that </b><br/><a NAME="E1:123_1_2_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A18</font></i>: 
1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E2:123_1_2_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A19</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span>
 ;<br/>

<a NAME="E3:123_1_2_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A20</font></i>: 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="real_1.html#K5" title="REAL_1:func.5">-</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K2" title="XCMPLX_0:func.2">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="real_1.html#K5" title="REAL_1:func.5">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K23" title="POLYFORM:func.23">-circuit-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E1:123_1_2_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A18</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A19</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="polyform.html#T52" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:th.52">Th52</a></i>;<br/>
<b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n'</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> as    <a href="subset_1.html#M2" title="SUBSET_1:mode.2">Element</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">NAT</a>  <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="ordinal1.html#D13" title="ORDINAL1:def.13">ORDINAL1:def 13</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:123_1_2_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A21</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c8">n'</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E1:123_1_2_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A18</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A19</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E6:123_1_2_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c8">n'</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n'</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n'</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E108">A5</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A21</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E7:123_1_2_2"/>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font></span>)</span> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K2" title="XCMPLX_0:func.2">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font></span>)</span>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E8:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E110">A7</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E3:123_1_2_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A20</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A21</font></i></a></i>;<br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div><a NAME="E12:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A22</font></i>: 
for <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> being  <a href="nat_1.html#NM1" title="NAT_1:NM.1">Nat</a>  st 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> holds <br/><font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b1">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span>
 <div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_2_3"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> be   <a href="nat_1.html#NM1" title="NAT_1:NM.1">Nat</a>;<br/>

<b>assume </b><b>that </b><br/><a NAME="E1:123_1_2_3"/><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A23</font></i>: 
1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E2:123_1_2_3"/><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A24</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span>
 ;<br/>

<a NAME="E3:123_1_2_3"/><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A25</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E1:123_1_2_3"><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A23</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2_3"><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A24</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="finseq_1.html#T3" title="FINSEQ_1:th.3">FINSEQ_1:3</a></i>;<br/>
<b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> as    <a href="subset_1.html#M2" title="SUBSET_1:mode.2">Element</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">NAT</a>  <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="ordinal1.html#D13" title="ORDINAL1:def.13">ORDINAL1:def 13</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:123_1_2_3"/><i><font color="Green" title="E117">A26</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K23" title="POLYFORM:func.23">-circuit-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E8:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E110">A7</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E3:123_1_2_3"><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A25</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E6:123_1_2_3"/><i><font color="Green" title="E118">A27</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2_3"><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A24</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="int_1.html#T20" title="INT_1:th.20">INT_1:20</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E7:123_1_2_3"/><i><font color="Green" title="E119">A28</font></i>: 
1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="nat_1.html#T11" title="NAT_1:th.11">NAT_1:11</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E8:123_1_2_3"/><i><font color="Green" title="E120">A29</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E6:123_1_2_3"><i><font color="Green" title="E118">A27</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E7:123_1_2_3"><i><font color="Green" title="E119">A28</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span> = 
<font color="Maroon">H<sub>1</sub></font>(<font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1)
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E108">A5</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E8:123_1_2_3"><i><font color="Green" title="E120">A29</font></i></a></i>
<br/>.= 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="newton.html#T13" title="NEWTON:th.13">NEWTON:13</a></i>
<br/>.= 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K4" title="REAL_1:func.4">*</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="newton.html#T10" title="NEWTON:th.10">NEWTON:10</a></i>
<br/>.= 
 <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span></span>)</span>

<br/>.= 
 <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c8">n</font></span>)</span>
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E1:123"><i><font color="Green" title="E104">A1</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2_3"><i><font color="Green" title="E117">A26</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="polyform.html#T51" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:th.51">Th51</a></i>
;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E10:123_1_2_3"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K1" title="NAT_1:func.1">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span>
 ;<br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div><a NAME="E13:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A30</font></i>: 
 <a href="gr_cy_1.html#K1" title="GR_CY_1:func.1">Sum</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K2" title="XCMPLX_0:func.2">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E106">A3</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E4:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E107">A4</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E7:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E109">A6</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E11:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E112">A17</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E12:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E113">A22</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="polyform.html#T15" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:th.15">Th15</a></i>;<br/><a NAME="E14:123_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A31</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1
 <div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_2_4"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c7">egy</font> = 1 as    <a href="subset_1.html#M2" title="SUBSET_1:mode.2">Element</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">NAT</a>  ;<br/>
<a NAME="E2:123_1_2_4"/><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A32</font></i>: 
1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1
 
;<br/>
<a NAME="E3:123_1_2_4"/><i><font color="Green" title="E117">A33</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">egy</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E106">A3</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2_4"><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A32</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="nat_1.html#T13" title="NAT_1:th.13">NAT_1:13</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E4:123_1_2_4"/><i><font color="Green" title="E118">A34</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">egy</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E3:123_1_2_4"><i><font color="Green" title="E117">A33</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">egy</font> = 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default">1 <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">egy</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E108">A5</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E4:123_1_2_4"><i><font color="Green" title="E118">A34</font></i></a></i>
<br/>.= 
1 <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="vectsp_9.html#K1" title="VECTSP_9:func.1">dim</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">egy</font> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K25" title="POLYFORM:func.25">-bounding-chain-space</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="polyform.html#T5" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:th.5">Th5</a>, <a class="ref" href="polyform.html#T8" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:th.8">Th8</a></i>
<br/>.= 
1
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="polyform.html#T63" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:th.63">Th63</a></i>
;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E6:123_1_2_4"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1
 ;<br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div><a NAME="E15:123_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K7" title="POLYFORM:func.7">dim</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span>
 <div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="123_1_2_5"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> =  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> as    <a href="subset_1.html#M2" title="SUBSET_1:mode.2">Element</a> of  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">NAT</a>  ;<br/>
<a NAME="E2:123_1_2_5"/><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A35</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="polyform.html#K7" title="POLYFORM:func.7">dim</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="polyform.html#D25" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:def.25">Def25</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E3:123_1_2_5"/><i><font color="Green" title="E117">A36</font></i>: 
<a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1
 
;<br/>
<a NAME="E4:123_1_2_5"/><i><font color="Green" title="E118">A37</font></i>: 
1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E106">A3</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E3:123_1_2_5"><i><font color="Green" title="E117">A36</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="nat_1.html#T13" title="NAT_1:th.13">NAT_1:13</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:123_1_2_5"/><i><font color="Green" title="E119">A38</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="finseq_1.html#K2" title="FINSEQ_1:func.2">Seg</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E4:123_1_2_5"><i><font color="Green" title="E118">A37</font></i></a></i>;<br/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> = 
<font color="Maroon">H<sub>2</sub></font>(<font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font>)
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E8:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E110">A7</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E5:123_1_2_5"><i><font color="Green" title="E119">A38</font></i></a></i>
<br/>.= 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K1" title="POLYFORM:func.1">*</a> 1
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E1:123"><i><font color="Green" title="E104">A1</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E2:123_1_2_5"><i><font color="Green" title="E116">A35</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="polyform.html#T80" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:th.80">Th80</a></i>
<br/>.= 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c7">n</font> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span>

;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E7:123_1_2_5"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">b</font> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="finseq_1.html#K3" title="FINSEQ_1:func.3">len</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K30" title="POLYFORM:func.30">alternating-proper-f-vector</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="real_1.html#K1" title="REAL_1:func.1">-</a> 1</span>)</span> <a href="polyform.html#K2" title="POLYFORM:func.2">|^</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="polyform.html#K7" title="POLYFORM:func.7">dim</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span> <a href="nat_1.html#K2" title="NAT_1:func.2">+</a> 1</span>)</span>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="polyform.html#D25" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:def.25">Def25</a></i>;<br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div><b>hence </b><a NAME="E16:123_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> is <a href="polyform.html#V2" title="POLYFORM:attr.2">eulerian</a>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E13:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E114">A30</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="polyform.html#E14:123_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E115">A31</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="polyform.html#D27" target="_self" title="POLYFORM:def.27">Def27</a></i>;<br/></div><b>end;</b></div></div><b>end;</b></div>

</div>
