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<b>let </b><font color="Maroon">R</font> be   <a href="relat_1.html#NM1">Relation</a>;<br/>

<div><i><font color="Green">E30</font></i>: <a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="31_1"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:31_1"/>
<font color="Maroon">R</font> is <a href="relat_2.html#V7" target="_self">strongly_connected</a>
 ;<br/><a NAME="E2:31_1"/><b>then </b><i><font color="Green">E31</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_2.html#R7" target="_self">is_strongly_connected_in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D2" target="_self">Def2</a></i>;<br/><div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="31_1_1"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>let </b><font color="Maroon">x</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1">set</a> ;<br/><div><i><font color="Green">E32</font></i>: <a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="31_1_1_1"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:31_1_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <span class="p1"><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">[:</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span></span><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">:]</a></span>
 ;<br/><b>then consider </b><font color="Maroon">y</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1">set</a> , <font color="Maroon">z</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1">set</a> <b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E3:31_1_1_1"/><i><font color="Green">E33</font></i>: 
( <font color="Maroon">y</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon">z</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1">=</a> <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">y</font>,<font color="Maroon">z</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="zfmisc_1.html#D2">ZFMISC_1:def 2</a></i>;<br/><a NAME="E4:31_1_1_1"/>
( <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">y</font>,<font color="Maroon">z</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> or <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">z</font>,<font color="Maroon">y</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D9" target="_self">Def9</a>, <a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D11" target="_self">Def11</a>, </i>;<br/><a NAME="E5:31_1_1_1"/><b>then </b>
( <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">y</font>,<font color="Maroon">z</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> or <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">y</font>,<font color="Maroon">z</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a>  )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_1.html#D7">RELAT_1:def 7</a></i>;<br/><b>hence </b><a NAME="E6:31_1_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="xboole_0.html#K2">\/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a> </span>)</span>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D11" target="_self">Def11</a>, <a class="ref" href="xboole_0.html#D2">XBOOLE_0:def 2</a></i>;<br/></div><b>end;</b></div><div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="31_1_1_2"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:31_1_1_2"/><i><font color="Green">E34</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="xboole_0.html#K2">\/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a> </span>)</span>
 ;<br/><b>then consider </b><font color="Maroon">y</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1">set</a> , <font color="Maroon">z</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1">set</a> <b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E3:31_1_1_2"/><i><font color="Green">E36</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1">=</a> <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">y</font>,<font color="Maroon">z</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_1.html#D1">RELAT_1:def 1</a></i>;<br/><a NAME="E4:31_1_1_2"/>
( <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">y</font>,<font color="Maroon">z</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> or <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">y</font>,<font color="Maroon">z</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a>  )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D11" target="_self">Def11</a>, <a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D12" target="_self">Def12</a>, <a class="ref" href="xboole_0.html#D2">XBOOLE_0:def 2</a></i>;<br/><a NAME="E5:31_1_1_2"/><b>then </b>
( <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">y</font>,<font color="Maroon">z</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> or <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">z</font>,<font color="Maroon">y</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_1.html#D7">RELAT_1:def 7</a></i>;<br/><a NAME="E6:31_1_1_2"/><b>then </b>
( <font color="Maroon">y</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon">z</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_1.html#T30">RELAT_1:30</a></i>;<br/><b>hence </b><a NAME="E7:31_1_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <span class="p1"><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">[:</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span></span><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">:]</a></span>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D12" target="_self">Def12</a>, <a class="ref" href="zfmisc_1.html#T106">ZFMISC_1:106</a></i>;<br/></div><b>end;</b></div><b>hence </b><a NAME="E3:31_1_1"/>
( <font color="Maroon">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <span class="p1"><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">[:</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span></span><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">:]</a></span> iff <font color="Maroon">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="xboole_0.html#K2">\/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a> </span>)</span> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D10" target="_self">Def10</a></i>;<br/></div><b>end;</b></div><b>hence </b><a NAME="E4:31_1"/>
<span class="p1"><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">[:</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span></span><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">:]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R1">=</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="xboole_0.html#K2">\/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a> </span>)</span>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="tarski.html#T2">TARSKI:2</a></i>;<br/></div><b>end;</b></div>
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="31_2"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:31_2"/><i><font color="Green">E37</font></i>: 
<span class="p1"><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">[:</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span></span><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">:]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R1">=</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="xboole_0.html#K2">\/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a> </span>)</span>
 ;<br/><div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="31_2_1"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>let </b><font color="Maroon">a</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1">set</a> ;<br/><b>let </b><font color="Maroon">b</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1">set</a> ;<br/><a NAME="E1:31_2_1"/>
( <font color="Maroon">a</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon">b</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> implies <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">a</font>,<font color="Maroon">b</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="xboole_0.html#K2">\/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a> </span>)</span> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D9" target="_self">Def9</a>, <a class="ref" href="zfmisc_1.html#T106">ZFMISC_1:106</a></i>;<br/><a NAME="E2:31_2_1"/><b>then </b>
( <font color="Maroon">a</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon">b</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> &amp; not <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">a</font>,<font color="Maroon">b</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> implies <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">a</font>,<font color="Maroon">b</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a>  )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="xboole_0.html#D2">XBOOLE_0:def 2</a></i>;<br/><b>hence </b><a NAME="E3:31_2_1"/>
( <font color="Maroon">a</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon">b</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> &amp; not <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">a</font>,<font color="Maroon">b</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> implies <span class="p1"><a href="tarski.html#K4">[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon">b</font>,<font color="Maroon">a</font></span><a href="tarski.html#K4">]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R2">in</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_1.html#D7">RELAT_1:def 7</a></i>;<br/></div><b>end;</b></div><a NAME="E3:31_2"/><b>then </b>
<font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_2.html#R7" target="_self">is_strongly_connected_in</a>  <a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font>
 <b>by </b><i/>;<br/><b>hence </b><a NAME="E4:31_2"/>
<font color="Maroon">R</font> is <a href="relat_2.html#V7" target="_self">strongly_connected</a>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D2" target="_self">Def2</a></i>;<br/></div><b>end;</b></div>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E3:31"/>
( <font color="Maroon">R</font> is <a href="relat_2.html#V7" target="_self">strongly_connected</a> iff <span class="p1"><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">[:</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="relat_1.html#K3">field</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font></span>)</span></span><a href="zfmisc_1.html#K2">:]</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R1">=</a> <font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="xboole_0.html#K2">\/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon">R</font> <a href="relat_1.html#K4">~</a> </span>)</span> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="relat_2.html#D8" target="_self">Def8</a></i>;<br/>


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