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<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> be   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive" title="b1">x</font>, <font color="Olive" title="b2">a</font> being   <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>   <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a> <br/>  for <font color="Olive" title="b3">r</font> being   <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>   <a href="xxreal_0.html#V2" title="XXREAL_0:attr.2">positive</a>   <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a>   st <font color="Olive" title="b2">a</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 &amp; <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K5" title="ALGSTR_0:func.5">-</a> <span class="p3"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b1">x</font>,<span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b3">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Olive" title="b2">a</font></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Olive" title="b3">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Olive" title="b2">a</font> holds <br/><span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="topgen_5.html#K4" title="TOPGEN_5:func.4">+</a> (<font color="Olive" title="b1">x</font>,<font color="Olive" title="b3">r</font>)</span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Olive" title="b2">a</font></span><br/>

<span class="kw">set </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">p1</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a> ;<br/>
<span class="kw">set </span><font color="Maroon" title="c3">p2</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a> ;<br/>
<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>, <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> be   <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>   <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a> ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> being   <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>   <a href="xxreal_0.html#V2" title="XXREAL_0:attr.2">positive</a>   <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a>   st <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 &amp; <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K5" title="ALGSTR_0:func.5">-</a> <span class="p3"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> holds <br/><span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="topgen_5.html#K4" title="TOPGEN_5:func.4">+</a> (<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font>)</span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span><br/><span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> be   <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>   <a href="xxreal_0.html#V2" title="XXREAL_0:attr.2">positive</a>   <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a> ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 &amp; <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K5" title="ALGSTR_0:func.5">-</a> <span class="p3"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> implies <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="topgen_5.html#K4" title="TOPGEN_5:func.4">+</a> (<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font>)</span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> )</span><br/>



<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E1:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E53">A1</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> (  not <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K5" title="ALGSTR_0:func.5">-</a> <span class="p3"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> or <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="topgen_5.html#K4" title="TOPGEN_5:func.4">+</a> (<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font>)</span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> )</span><br/>

<a NAME="E2:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E54">A2</font></span>: 
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T52" title="EUCLID:th.52">EUCLID:52</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E3:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E55">A3</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T53" title="EUCLID:th.53">EUCLID:53</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E4:70"/><span class="kw">then </span><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E56">A4</font></span>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  implies <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="topgen_5.html#K1" title="TOPGEN_5:func.1">y=0-line</a>  )
 
;<br/>
<span class="kw">set </span><font color="Maroon" title="c7">r1</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font>;<br/>
<span class="kw">set </span><font color="Maroon" title="c8">r2</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="real_1.html#K4" title="REAL_1:func.4">*</a> 1;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E57">A5</font></span>: 
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T52" title="EUCLID:th.52">EUCLID:52</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E6:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E58">A6</font></span>: 
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K5" title="ALGSTR_0:func.5">-</a> <span class="p3"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="topgen_5.html#K4" title="TOPGEN_5:func.4">+</a> (<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font>)</span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span><br/>

<span class="kw">then </span><span class="kw">reconsider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> as   <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>   <a href="xxreal_0.html#V2" title="XXREAL_0:attr.2">positive</a>   <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a>  ;<br/>
<a NAME="E8:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E59">A7</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="topreal9.html#K1" title="TOPREAL9:func.1">Ball</a> (<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font>)
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E6:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E58">A6</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="topreal9.html#T7" title="TOPREAL9:th.7">TOPREAL9:7</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E9:70"/>
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K5" title="ALGSTR_0:func.5">-</a> <span class="p3"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K3" title="SQUARE_1:func.3">^2</a> 
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E6:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E58">A6</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="square_1.html#T16" title="SQUARE_1:th.16">SQUARE_1:16</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E10:70"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p2"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K3" title="SQUARE_1:func.3">^2</a> 
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E55">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T62" title="EUCLID:th.62">EUCLID:62</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E11:70"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K7" title="REAL_1:func.7">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K3" title="SQUARE_1:func.3">^2</a> 
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E5:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E57">A5</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E2:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E54">A2</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="jgraph_1.html#T29" title="JGRAPH_1:th.29">JGRAPH_1:29</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E12:70"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><span class="p5">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K7" title="REAL_1:func.7">+</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K7" title="REAL_1:func.7">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K3" title="SQUARE_1:func.3">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K3" title="XCMPLX_0:func.3">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K3" title="SQUARE_1:func.3">^2</a> 
 
;<br/>
<a NAME="E13:70"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K7" title="REAL_1:func.7">+</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a> 
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="xreal_1.html#T31" title="XREAL_1:th.31">XREAL_1:31</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E14:70"/><span class="kw">then </span><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E60">A8</font></span>: 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K7" title="REAL_1:func.7">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="xreal_1.html#T48" title="XREAL_1:th.48">XREAL_1:48</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E15:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E61">A9</font></span>: 
 <a href="topreal9.html#K1" title="TOPREAL9:func.1">Ball</a> (<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font>) <a href="xboole_0.html#R1" title="XBOOLE_0:pred.1">misses</a>  <a href="topgen_5.html#K1" title="TOPGEN_5:func.1">y=0-line</a> 
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="topgen_5.html#T21" target="_self" title="TOPGEN_5:th.21">Th25</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E16:70"/>
 <a href="topreal9.html#K1" title="TOPREAL9:func.1">Ball</a> (<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font>) <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  <a href="topgen_5.html#K2" title="TOPGEN_5:func.2">y&gt;=0-plane</a> 
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="topgen_5.html#T20" target="_self" title="TOPGEN_5:th.20">Th24</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">then </span><span class="kw">reconsider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  as   <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>   <a href="xxreal_0.html#V2" title="XXREAL_0:attr.2">positive</a>   <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a>  <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E55">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E8:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E59">A7</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="topgen_5.html#T18" target="_self" title="TOPGEN_5:th.18">Th22</a>, <a class="txt" href="#E15:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E61">A9</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E4:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E56">A4</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xboole_0.html#T3" title="XBOOLE_0:th.3">XBOOLE_0:3</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E18:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E62">A10</font></span>: 
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font> <a href="real_1.html#K5" title="REAL_1:func.5">-</a> <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T52" title="EUCLID:th.52">EUCLID:52</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E19:70"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E63">A11</font></span>: 
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T52" title="EUCLID:th.52">EUCLID:52</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E20:70"/>
 <a href="topreal9.html#K1" title="TOPREAL9:func.1">Ball</a> (<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r1</font>) <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  <a href="topreal9.html#K1" title="TOPREAL9:func.1">Ball</a> (<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="real_1.html#K4" title="REAL_1:func.4">*</a> 1</span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span>,<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font> <a href="real_1.html#K4" title="REAL_1:func.4">*</a> 1</span>)</span>)
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E53">A1</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="topgen_5.html#T23" target="_self" title="TOPGEN_5:th.23">Th27</a>, <a class="ref" href="xreal_1.html#T64" title="XREAL_1:th.64">XREAL_1:64</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">then </span><span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="topgen_5.html#K4" title="TOPGEN_5:func.4">+</a> (<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font>)</span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> = 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K5" title="ALGSTR_0:func.5">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K10" title="REAL_1:func.10">/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E55">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E8:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E59">A7</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="topgen_5.html#D5" target="_self" title="TOPGEN_5:def.5">Def5</a></span>
<br/>.= 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K5" title="ALGSTR_0:func.5">-</a> <span class="p4"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K10" title="REAL_1:func.10">/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="toprns_1.html#T27" title="TOPRNS_1:th.27">TOPRNS_1:27</a></span>
<br/>.= 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p3"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><span class="p5">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font> <a href="real_1.html#K5" title="REAL_1:func.5">-</a> <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a></span>)</span></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K10" title="REAL_1:func.10">/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E55">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T62" title="EUCLID:th.62">EUCLID:62</a></span>
<br/>.= 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K9" title="REAL_1:func.9">-</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K5" title="SQUARE_1:func.5">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K7" title="REAL_1:func.7">+</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font> <a href="square_1.html#K3" title="SQUARE_1:func.3">^2</a></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K10" title="REAL_1:func.10">/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E18:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E62">A10</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E19:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E63">A11</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="jgraph_1.html#T29" title="JGRAPH_1:th.29">JGRAPH_1:29</a></span>
;<br/>
<a NAME="E22:70"/><span class="kw">then </span><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E64">A12</font></span>: 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="topgen_5.html#K4" title="TOPGEN_5:func.4">+</a> (<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font>)</span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K10" title="REAL_1:func.10">/</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span>)</span>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E14:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E60">A8</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xreal_1.html#T74" title="XREAL_1:th.74">XREAL_1:74</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E23:70"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="real_1.html#K4" title="REAL_1:func.4">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K10" title="REAL_1:func.10">/</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default">2 <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">p2</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font> <a href="real_1.html#K4" title="REAL_1:func.4">*</a> 1
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="xcmplx_1.html#T60" title="XCMPLX_1:th.60">XCMPLX_1:60</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E24:70"/>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="topgen_5.html#K4" title="TOPGEN_5:func.4">+</a> (<font color="Maroon" title="c4">x</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">r</font>)</span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR3" title="XXREAL_0:NR.3">&lt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">a</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E22:70"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E64">A12</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xcmplx_1.html#T74" title="XCMPLX_1:th.74">XCMPLX_1:74</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


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