<?xml version="1.0"?>
<div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> be   non  <a href="xboole_0.html#V1" title="XBOOLE_0:attr.1">empty</a>   <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">set</a> ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is   <a href="group_1.html#V5" title="GROUP_1:attr.5">commutative</a>  <a href="funcsdom.html#NM1" title="FUNCSDOM:NM.1">Ring</a></span><br/>

<a NAME="E1:43"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E27">A1</font></span>: 
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="rlvect_1.html#V2" title="RLVECT_1:attr.2">Abelian</a> 
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="43_1"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="rlvect_1.html#D2" title="RLVECT_1:def.2">RLVECT_1:def 2</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds  <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font></span><br/>

<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E1:43_1"/>
 for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds  <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funcsdom.html#T25" target="_self" title="FUNCSDOM:th.25">Th42</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<a NAME="E2:43"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E28">A2</font></span>: 
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="rlvect_1.html#V3" title="RLVECT_1:attr.3">add-associative</a> 
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="43_2"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="rlvect_1.html#D3" title="RLVECT_1:def.3">RLVECT_1:def 3</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font>, <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds  <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span></span><br/>

<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E1:43_2"/>
 for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font>, <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds  <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funcsdom.html#T25" target="_self" title="FUNCSDOM:th.25">Th42</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<a NAME="E3:43"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E29">A3</font></span>: 
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="algstr_0.html#V13" title="ALGSTR_0:attr.13">right_complementable</a> 
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="43_3"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="algstr_0.html#D16" title="ALGSTR_0:def.16">ALGSTR_0:def 16</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> is  <a href="algstr_0.html#V10" title="ALGSTR_0:attr.10">right_complementable</a> </span><br/>

<span class="kw">consider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c3">t</font> being   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span><span class="kw"> such that </span><br/><a NAME="E2:43_3"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E30">A4</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">t</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="struct_0.html#K4" title="STRUCT_0:func.4">0.</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funcsdom.html#T25" target="_self" title="FUNCSDOM:th.25">Th42</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">take </span>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">t</font>
; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="algstr_0.html#D11" title="ALGSTR_0:def.11">ALGSTR_0:def 11</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">t</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="struct_0.html#K4" title="STRUCT_0:func.4">0.</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span><br/>

<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E3:43_3"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">t</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="struct_0.html#K4" title="STRUCT_0:func.4">0.</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E2:43_3"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E30">A4</font></span></a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<a NAME="E4:43"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E30">A5</font></span>: 
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="rlvect_1.html#V4" title="RLVECT_1:attr.4">right_zeroed</a> 
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="43_4"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="rlvect_1.html#D4" title="RLVECT_1:def.4">RLVECT_1:def 4</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="struct_0.html#K4" title="STRUCT_0:func.4">0.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font></span><br/>

<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E1:43_4"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="struct_0.html#K4" title="STRUCT_0:func.4">0.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funcsdom.html#T25" target="_self" title="FUNCSDOM:th.25">Th42</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<a NAME="E5:43"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E31">A6</font></span>: 
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="vectsp_1.html#V5" title="VECTSP_1:attr.5">distributive</a> 
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="43_5"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="vectsp_1.html#D7" title="VECTSP_1:def.7">VECTSP_1:def 7</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font>, <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds <br/> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span> &amp; <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font></span>)</span> )</span><br/>

<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E1:43_5"/>
 for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font>, <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds <br/> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span> &amp; <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K1" title="ALGSTR_0:func.1">+</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font></span>)</span> )
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funcsdom.html#T25" target="_self" title="FUNCSDOM:th.25">Th42</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<a NAME="E6:43"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E32">A7</font></span>: 
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="vectsp_1.html#V4" title="VECTSP_1:attr.4">well-unital</a> 
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="43_6"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="vectsp_1.html#D6" title="VECTSP_1:def.6">VECTSP_1:def 6</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="struct_0.html#K5" title="STRUCT_0:func.5">1.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> &amp; <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="struct_0.html#K5" title="STRUCT_0:func.5">1.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> )</span><br/>

<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E1:43_6"/>
( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="struct_0.html#K5" title="STRUCT_0:func.5">1.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> &amp; <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="struct_0.html#K5" title="STRUCT_0:func.5">1.</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> )
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funcsdom.html#T25" target="_self" title="FUNCSDOM:th.25">Th42</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<a NAME="E7:43"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E33">A8</font></span>: 
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="group_1.html#V3" title="GROUP_1:attr.3">associative</a> 
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="43_7"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="group_1.html#D3" title="GROUP_1:def.3">GROUP_1:def 3</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font>, <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds  <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span></span><br/>

<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E1:43_7"/>
 for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font>, <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds  <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font></span>)</span> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>2</sub></font></span>)</span>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funcsdom.html#T25" target="_self" title="FUNCSDOM:th.25">Th42</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<a NAME="E8:43"/>
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is  <a href="group_1.html#V5" title="GROUP_1:attr.5">commutative</a> 
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="43_8"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span>; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="group_1.html#D12" title="GROUP_1:def.12">GROUP_1:def 12</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide">  for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds  <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font></span><br/>

<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E1:43_8"/>
 for <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> being    <a href="subset_1.html#M1" title="SUBSET_1:mode.1">Element</a> of  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> holds  <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive">b<sub>1</sub></font> <a href="algstr_0.html#K6" title="ALGSTR_0:func.6">*</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">x</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funcsdom.html#T25" target="_self" title="FUNCSDOM:th.25">Th42</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E9:43"/>
 <a href="funcsdom.html#K11" title="FUNCSDOM:func.11">RRing</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> is   <a href="group_1.html#V5" title="GROUP_1:attr.5">commutative</a>  <a href="funcsdom.html#NM1" title="FUNCSDOM:NM.1">Ring</a>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:43"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E27">A1</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E2:43"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E28">A2</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E4:43"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E30">A5</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E3:43"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E29">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E7:43"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E33">A8</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E6:43"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E32">A7</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E5:43"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E31">A6</font></span></a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div>
