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<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font> be   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM1" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.1">TopSpace</a>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> for <font color="Olive" title="b1">A</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font> holds <br/> ( <font color="Olive" title="b1">A</font> is  <a href="tops_1.html#V2" title="TOPS_1:attr.2">boundary</a>  iff for <font color="Olive" title="b2">C</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>  st <font color="Olive" title="b1">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b2">C</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b2">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a>  holds <br/><font color="Olive" title="b2">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font> )</span><br/><span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> is  <a href="tops_1.html#V2" title="TOPS_1:attr.2">boundary</a>  iff for <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>  st <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a>  holds <br/><font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font> )</span><br/>



<span class="kw">thus </span><a NAME="E1:12"/>
( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> is  <a href="tops_1.html#V2" title="TOPS_1:attr.2">boundary</a>  implies for <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>  st <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a>  holds <br/><font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font> )
  <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( ( for <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>  st <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a>  holds <br/><font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font> ) implies <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> is  <a href="tops_1.html#V2" title="TOPS_1:attr.2">boundary</a>  )</span><div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="12_1"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E1:12_1"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E11">A1</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> is  <a href="tops_1.html#V2" title="TOPS_1:attr.2">boundary</a> 
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> for <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>  st <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a>  holds <br/><font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font></span><br/>

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a>  implies <font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font> )</span><br/>

<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E2:12_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> (  not <font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a>  or <font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font> )</span><br/>

<a NAME="E3:12_1"/><span class="kw">then </span><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E12">A2</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a> </span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a> 
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="subset_1.html#T31" title="SUBSET_1:th.31">SUBSET_1:31</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E4:12_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a> 
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font></span><br/>

<a NAME="E5:12_1"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="struct_0.html#K1" title="STRUCT_0:func.1">{}</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:12_1"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E11">A1</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E3:12_1"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E12">A2</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="tops_1.html#T86" title="TOPS_1:th.86">TOPS_1:86</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E6:12_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="tops_3.html#T2" target="_self" title="TOPS_3:th.2">Th2</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>

<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E2:12"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E11">A3</font></span>: 
for <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>  st <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V4" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.4">closed</a>  holds <br/><font color="Olive" title="b1">C</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> is  <a href="tops_1.html#V2" title="TOPS_1:attr.2">boundary</a> </span><br/>

<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="12_2"><span class="kw">now </span></a><div class="add"><span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V3" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.3">open</a>  implies <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="xboole_0.html#K1" title="XBOOLE_0:func.1">{}</a>  )</span><br/><span class="kw">assume </span><span class="kw">that </span><br/><a NAME="E1:12_2"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E12">A4</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font>
 <span class="kw">and </span><br/><a NAME="E2:12_2"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E13">A5</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> is  <a href="pre_topc.html#V3" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.3">open</a> 
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="xboole_0.html#K1" title="XBOOLE_0:func.1">{}</a> </span><br/><a NAME="E3:12_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a> 
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:12_2"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E12">A4</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="subset_1.html#T31" title="SUBSET_1:th.31">SUBSET_1:31</a></span>;<br/><a NAME="E4:12_2"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> <a href="subset_1.html#K3" title="SUBSET_1:func.3">`</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">X</font>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E2:12"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E11">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E2:12_2"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E13">A5</font></span></a></span>;<br/><span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E5:12_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">G</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="xboole_0.html#K1" title="XBOOLE_0:func.1">{}</a> 
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="tops_3.html#T1" target="_self" title="TOPS_3:th.1">Th1</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/></div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E4:12"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">A</font> is  <a href="tops_1.html#V2" title="TOPS_1:attr.2">boundary</a> 
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="tops_1.html#T86" title="TOPS_1:th.86">TOPS_1:86</a></span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div>
