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<div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> be   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> for <font color="Olive" title="b1">R</font>, <font color="Olive" title="b2">P</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>  st <font color="Olive" title="b1">R</font> is <a href="topreal4.html#V2" title="TOPREAL4:attr.2">being_Region</a> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">R</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b2">P</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">{<span class="default"> <font color="Olive" title="b3">q</font> where <font color="Olive" title="b3">q</font> is   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> : ( <font color="Olive" title="b3">q</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> or  ex <font color="Olive" title="b4">P1</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b4">P1</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Olive" title="b3">q</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b4">P1</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">R</font> ) ) </span>}</span>  holds <br/><font color="Olive" title="b2">P</font> is <a href="pre_topc.html#V3" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.3">open</a></span><br/><b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font>, <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> is <a href="topreal4.html#V2" title="TOPREAL4:attr.2">being_Region</a> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">{<span class="default"> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> where <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> is   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> : ( <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> or  ex <font color="Olive" title="b2">P1</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b2">P1</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b2">P1</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> ) ) </span>}</span>  implies <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> is <a href="pre_topc.html#V3" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.3">open</a> )</span><br/>





<b>assume </b><b>that </b><br/><a NAME="E1:28"/><i><font color="Green" title="E27">A1</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> is <a href="topreal4.html#V2" title="TOPREAL4:attr.2">being_Region</a>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E2:28"/><i><font color="Green" title="E28">A2</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E3:28"/><i><font color="Green" title="E29">A3</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">{<span class="default"> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> where <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> is   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> : ( <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> or  ex <font color="Olive" title="b2">P1</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b2">P1</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b2">P1</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> ) ) </span>}</span> 
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> is <a href="pre_topc.html#V3" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.3">open</a></span><br/>

<a NAME="E4:28"/><i><font color="Green" title="E30">A4</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> is <a href="pre_topc.html#V3" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.3">open</a>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E1:28"><i><font color="Green" title="E27">A1</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="topreal4.html#D3" target="_self" title="TOPREAL4:def.3">Def3</a></i>;<br/>
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font> be   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K14" title="EUCLID:func.14">Euclid</a> 2</span>)</span>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> implies  ex <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> being <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a>  st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR4" title="XXREAL_0:NR.4">&gt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  &amp;  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> ) )</span><br/><b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c5">p2</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font> as   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="topreal3.html#T13" title="TOPREAL3:th.13">TOPREAL3:13</a></i>;<br/><b>assume </b><a NAME="E2:28_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide">  ex <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> being <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a>  st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR4" title="XXREAL_0:NR.4">&gt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  &amp;  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> )</span><br/><b>then consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> being   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span><b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E4:28_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E31">A5</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E5:28_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E32">A6</font></i>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> or  ex <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> ) )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E3:28"><i><font color="Green" title="E29">A3</font></i></a></i>;<br/><div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_1"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_1_1"><b>per </b></a><a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><b>cases </b></a><span class="hide"><a NAME="E1:28_1_1_1"/>
( <font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> or  ex <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> ) )
 </span><b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E5:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E32">A6</font></i></a></i>;<br/><div class="add"><div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_1_1_1"><b>suppose </b></a><a NAME="E1:28_1_1_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">p2</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font></span><br/><div class="add"><b>hence </b><a NAME="E2:28_1_1_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">p2</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E2:28"><i><font color="Green" title="E28">A2</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E4:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E31">A5</font></i></a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/></div><b>end;</b></div><div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_1_1_2"><b>suppose </b></a><a NAME="E1:28_1_1_1_2"/>
 ex <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> )
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">p2</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font></span><br/><div class="add"><b>then consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c7">P2</font> being   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span><b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E3:28_1_1_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A7</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">P2</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font>
 <b>and </b><br/><a NAME="E4:28_1_1_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E34">A8</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c7">P2</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font>
 ;<br/><a NAME="E5:28_1_1_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">p2</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c7">P2</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E4:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E31">A5</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E3:28_1_1_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A7</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="topreal4.html#T4" target="_self" title="TOPREAL4:th.4">Th4</a></i>;<br/><b>hence </b><a NAME="E6:28_1_1_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">p2</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E4:28_1_1_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E34">A8</font></i></a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/></div><b>end;</b></div></div><b>end;</b></div></div><b>end;</b></div><b>then consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c7">r</font> being  <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a> <b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E8:28_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A9</font></i>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c7">r</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR4" title="XXREAL_0:NR.4">&gt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  &amp;  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c7">r</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E4:28"><i><font color="Green" title="E30">A4</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="topreal4.html#E28"><i><font color="Green" title="E24">Lm1</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="topmetr.html#T22" title="TOPMETR:th.22">TOPMETR:22</a></i>;<br/><b>take </b><font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c7">r</font>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR4" title="XXREAL_0:NR.4">&gt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a>  &amp;  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> )</span><br/><b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c9">r'</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font> as   <a href="real_1.html#NM1" title="REAL_1:NM.1">Real</a> <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="xreal_0.html#D1" title="XREAL_0:def.1">XREAL_0:def 1</a></i>;<br/><a NAME="E10:28_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E34">A10</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">p2</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r'</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E8:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A9</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="tbsp_1.html#T16" title="TBSP_1:th.16">TBSP_1:16</a></i>;<br/><b>thus </b><a NAME="E11:28_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR4" title="XXREAL_0:NR.4">&gt;</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K6" title="NUMBERS:func.6">0</a> 
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E8:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A9</font></i></a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide">  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font></span><br/><b>thus </b><a NAME="E12:28_1"/>
 <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font>
  <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_2"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">set</a> ; <i><font color="Red">:: according to </font></i><a class="ref" href="tarski.html#D3" title="TARSKI:def.3">TARSKI:def 3</a> <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> (  not <font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font> or <font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> )</span><br/>

<b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:28_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E35">A11</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c8">r</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font></span><br/>

<b>then reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c11">q</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> as   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E8:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A9</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="tarski.html#D3" title="TARSKI:def.3">TARSKI:def 3</a></i>;<br/>
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_2_1"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_2_1_1"><b>per </b></a><a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><b>cases </b></a><span class="hide"><a NAME="E1:28_1_2_1_1"/>
( <font color="Maroon" title="c11">q</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> or <font color="Maroon" title="c11">q</font> <a href="hidden.html#NR2" title="HIDDEN:NR.2">&lt;&gt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> )
 </span>;<br/><div class="add"><div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_2_1_1_1"><b>suppose </b></a><a NAME="E1:28_1_2_1_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c11">q</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font></span><br/><div class="add"><b>hence </b><a NAME="E2:28_1_2_1_1_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E3:28"><i><font color="Green" title="E29">A3</font></i></a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/></div><b>end;</b></div><div><a class="txt" onclick="hsNdiv(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_2_1_1_2"><b>suppose </b></a><a NAME="E1:28_1_2_1_1_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E36">A12</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c11">q</font> <a href="hidden.html#NR2" title="HIDDEN:NR.2">&lt;&gt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font></span><br/><div class="add"><div><i><font color="Green" title="E37">A13</font></i>: <a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_2_1_1_2_1"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:28_1_2_1_1_2_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> <a href="hidden.html#NR2" title="HIDDEN:NR.2">&lt;&gt;</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font></span><br/><a NAME="E2:28_1_2_1_1_2_1"/><b>then </b>
 ex <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> being  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c11">q</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">P1</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E4:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E31">A5</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E5:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E32">A6</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E8:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A9</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E10:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E34">A10</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E1:28_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E35">A11</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E1:28_1_2_1_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E36">A12</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="topreal4.html#T24" target="_self" title="TOPREAL4:th.24">Th24</a></i>;<br/><b>hence </b><a NAME="E3:28_1_2_1_1_2_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E3:28"><i><font color="Green" title="E29">A3</font></i></a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/></div><b>end;</b></div><div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="28_1_2_1_1_2_2"><b>now </b></a><div class="add"><b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:28_1_2_1_1_2_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c6">q1</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font></span><br/><a NAME="E2:28_1_2_1_1_2_2"/><b>then </b>
<font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r'</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E4:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E31">A5</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E8:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A9</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="tbsp_1.html#T16" title="TBSP_1:th.16">TBSP_1:16</a></i>;<br/><b>then consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c12">P2</font> being   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span><b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E4:28_1_2_1_1_2_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E38">A14</font></i>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c12">P2</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c11">q</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c12">P2</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  <a href="metric_1.html#K9" title="METRIC_1:func.9">Ball</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">u</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c9">r'</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E1:28_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E35">A11</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E1:28_1_2_1_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E36">A12</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="topreal4.html#T11" target="_self" title="TOPREAL4:th.11">Th11</a></i>;<br/><b>reconsider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c13">P2</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c12">P2</font> as   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> ;<br/><a NAME="E6:28_1_2_1_1_2_2"/>
( <font color="Maroon" title="c13">P2</font> <a href="topreal4.html#R1" title="TOPREAL4:pred.1">is_S-P_arc_joining</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">p</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c11">q</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c13">P2</font> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">R</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E8:28_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E33">A9</font></i></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E4:28_1_2_1_1_2_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E38">A14</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="xboole_1.html#T1" title="XBOOLE_1:th.1">XBOOLE_1:1</a></i>;<br/><b>hence </b><a NAME="E7:28_1_2_1_1_2_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E3:28"><i><font color="Green" title="E29">A3</font></i></a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/></div><b>end;</b></div><b>hence </b><a NAME="E4:28_1_2_1_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="#E2:28_1_2_1_1_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E37">A13</font></i></a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/></div><b>end;</b></div></div><b>end;</b></div></div><b>end;</b></div>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E4:28_1_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c10">x</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div></div><b>end;</b></div>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E6:28"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">P</font> is <a href="pre_topc.html#V3" title="PRE_TOPC:attr.3">open</a>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="topreal4.html#E28"><i><font color="Green" title="E24">Lm1</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="topmetr.html#T22" title="TOPMETR:th.22">TOPMETR:22</a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div>
