<?xml version="1.0"?>
<div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> be  <a href="integra1.html#V1" title="INTEGRA1:attr.1">closed-interval</a> <a href="subset_1.html#NM2" title="SUBSET_1:NM.2">Subset</a> of <a href="numbers.html#K1" title="NUMBERS:func.1">REAL</a> ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> for <font color="Olive" title="b1">f</font> being  <a href="funct_2.html#NM1" title="FUNCT_2:NM.1">Function</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>, <a href="numbers.html#K1" title="NUMBERS:func.1">REAL</a>   st <font color="Olive" title="b1">f</font> <a href="rfunct_1.html#R3" title="RFUNCT_1:pred.3">is_bounded_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> holds <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b1">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R1" title="INTEGRA1:pred.1">is_upper_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R2" title="INTEGRA1:pred.2">is_lower_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> )</span><br/><b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> be   <a href="funct_2.html#NM1" title="FUNCT_2:NM.1">Function</a> of <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>, <a href="numbers.html#K1" title="NUMBERS:func.1">REAL</a> ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="rfunct_1.html#R3" title="RFUNCT_1:pred.3">is_bounded_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> implies ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R1" title="INTEGRA1:pred.1">is_upper_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R2" title="INTEGRA1:pred.2">is_lower_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> ) )</span><br/>



<b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:12"/><i><font color="Green" title="E12">A1</font></i>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="rfunct_1.html#R3" title="RFUNCT_1:pred.3">is_bounded_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R1" title="INTEGRA1:pred.1">is_upper_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R2" title="INTEGRA1:pred.2">is_lower_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> )</span><br/>

<a NAME="E2:12"/><b>then </b><i><font color="Green" title="E13">A2</font></i>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="rfunct_1.html#R1" title="RFUNCT_1:pred.1">is_bounded_above_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="rfunct_1.html#R2" title="RFUNCT_1:pred.2">is_bounded_below_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font> )
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="rfunct_1.html#D11" title="RFUNCT_1:def.11">RFUNCT_1:def 11</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E3:12"/>
for <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> being <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a>   st <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K9" title="INTEGRA1:func.9">upper_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> holds <br/><span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K3" title="PSCOMP_1:func.3">inf</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font>
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="12_1"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> be  <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a> ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K9" title="INTEGRA1:func.9">upper_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> implies <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K3" title="PSCOMP_1:func.3">inf</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> )</span><br/>

<b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:12_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K9" title="INTEGRA1:func.9">upper_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K3" title="PSCOMP_1:func.3">inf</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font></span><br/>

<b>then consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font> being    <a href="integra1.html#M3" title="INTEGRA1:mode.3">Element</a> of  <a href="integra1.html#K8" title="INTEGRA1:func.8">divs</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font><b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E3:12_1"/><i><font color="Green" title="E14">A3</font></i>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="relset_1.html#K4" title="RELSET_1:func.4">dom</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K9" title="INTEGRA1:func.9">upper_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> &amp; <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K9" title="INTEGRA1:func.9">upper_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> <a href="seq_1.html#K1" title="SEQ_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="partfun1.html#T26" title="PARTFUN1:th.26">PARTFUN1:26</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E4:12_1"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="integra1.html#K6" title="INTEGRA1:func.6">upper_sum</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="integra4.html#E3:12_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E14">A3</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="integra1.html#D11" title="INTEGRA1:def.11">INTEGRA1:def 11</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:12_1"/><b>then </b><i><font color="Green" title="E15">A4</font></i>: 
 <a href="integra1.html#K7" title="INTEGRA1:func.7">lower_sum</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="integra4.html#E1:12"><i><font color="Green" title="E12">A1</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="integra1.html#T30" title="INTEGRA1:th.30">INTEGRA1:30</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E6:12_1"/>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K3" title="PSCOMP_1:func.3">inf</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a>  <a href="integra1.html#K7" title="INTEGRA1:func.7">lower_sum</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="integra4.html#E2:12"><i><font color="Green" title="E13">A2</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="integra1.html#T27" title="INTEGRA1:th.27">INTEGRA1:27</a></i>;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E7:12_1"/>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K3" title="PSCOMP_1:func.3">inf</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="integra4.html#E5:12_1"><i><font color="Green" title="E15">A4</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="xxreal_0.html#T2" title="XXREAL_0:th.2">XXREAL_0:2</a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div>
<a NAME="E4:12"/><b>then </b>
 <a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K9" title="INTEGRA1:func.9">upper_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> is <a href="seq_4.html#V2" title="SEQ_4:attr.2">bounded_below</a>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="seq_4.html#D2" title="SEQ_4:def.2">SEQ_4:def 2</a></i>;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E5:12"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R1" title="INTEGRA1:pred.1">is_upper_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="integra1.html#D13" title="INTEGRA1:def.13">INTEGRA1:def 13</a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R2" title="INTEGRA1:pred.2">is_lower_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span><br/>

<a NAME="E6:12"/>
for <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> being <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a>   st <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K10" title="INTEGRA1:func.10">lower_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> holds <br/><span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K2" title="PSCOMP_1:func.2">sup</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR2" title="XXREAL_0:NR.2">&gt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">r</font>
 
<div><a class="txt" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="12_2"><b>proof </b></a><div class="add">

<b>let </b><font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> be  <a href="xreal_0.html#V1" title="XREAL_0:attr.1">real</a>  <a href="ordinal1.html#NM1" title="ORDINAL1:NM.1">number</a> ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K10" title="INTEGRA1:func.10">lower_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> implies <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K2" title="PSCOMP_1:func.2">sup</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR2" title="XXREAL_0:NR.2">&gt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> )</span><br/>

<b>assume </b><a NAME="E1:12_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K10" title="INTEGRA1:func.10">lower_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span>
 ; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K2" title="PSCOMP_1:func.2">sup</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR2" title="XXREAL_0:NR.2">&gt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font></span><br/>

<b>then consider </b><font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font> being    <a href="integra1.html#M3" title="INTEGRA1:mode.3">Element</a> of  <a href="integra1.html#K8" title="INTEGRA1:func.8">divs</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font><b> such that </b><br/><a NAME="E3:12_2"/><i><font color="Green" title="E14">A5</font></i>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="relset_1.html#K4" title="RELSET_1:func.4">dom</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K10" title="INTEGRA1:func.10">lower_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> &amp; <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K10" title="INTEGRA1:func.10">lower_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> <a href="seq_1.html#K1" title="SEQ_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> )
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="partfun1.html#T26" title="PARTFUN1:th.26">PARTFUN1:26</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E4:12_2"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="integra1.html#K7" title="INTEGRA1:func.7">lower_sum</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="integra4.html#E3:12_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E14">A5</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="integra1.html#D12" title="INTEGRA1:def.12">INTEGRA1:def 12</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:12_2"/><b>then </b><i><font color="Green" title="E15">A6</font></i>: 
 <a href="integra1.html#K6" title="INTEGRA1:func.6">upper_sum</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR2" title="XXREAL_0:NR.2">&gt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="integra4.html#E1:12"><i><font color="Green" title="E12">A1</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="integra1.html#T30" title="INTEGRA1:th.30">INTEGRA1:30</a></i>;<br/>
<a NAME="E6:12_2"/>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K2" title="PSCOMP_1:func.2">sup</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR2" title="XXREAL_0:NR.2">&gt;=</a>  <a href="integra1.html#K6" title="INTEGRA1:func.6">upper_sum</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font>,<font color="Maroon" title="c4">D</font>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="integra4.html#E2:12"><i><font color="Green" title="E13">A2</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="integra1.html#T29" title="INTEGRA1:th.29">INTEGRA1:29</a></i>;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E7:12_2"/>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="pscomp_1.html#K2" title="PSCOMP_1:func.2">sup</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span></span>)</span> <a href="real_1.html#K8" title="REAL_1:func.8">*</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K3" title="INTEGRA1:func.3">vol</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font></span>)</span> <a href="xxreal_0.html#NR2" title="XXREAL_0:NR.2">&gt;=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">r</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="txt" href="integra4.html#E5:12_2"><i><font color="Green" title="E15">A6</font></i></a>, <a class="ref" href="xxreal_0.html#T2" title="XXREAL_0:th.2">XXREAL_0:2</a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><b>end;</b></div>
<a NAME="E7:12"/><b>then </b>
 <a href="rvsum_1.html#K1" title="RVSUM_1:func.1">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="integra1.html#K10" title="INTEGRA1:func.10">lower_sum_set</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font></span>)</span> is <a href="seq_4.html#V1" title="SEQ_4:attr.1">bounded_above</a>
 
<b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="seq_4.html#D1" title="SEQ_4:def.1">SEQ_4:def 1</a></i>;<br/>
<b>hence </b><a NAME="E8:12"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">f</font> <a href="integra1.html#R2" title="INTEGRA1:pred.2">is_lower_integrable_on</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c1">A</font>
 <b>by </b><i><a class="ref" href="integra1.html#D14" title="INTEGRA1:def.14">INTEGRA1:def 14</a></i>; <a class="txt" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><i><font color="Red">::  thesis: </font></i></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div>
