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<refentry id="cairo-Transformations">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle role="top_of_page" id="cairo-Transformations.top_of_page">Transformations</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo>CAIRO Library</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>Transformations</refname>
<refpurpose>Manipulating the current transformation matrix</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>

<refsect1 id="cairo-Transformations.functions" role="functions_proto">
<title role="functions_proto.title">Functions</title>
<informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colname="functions_return" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="functions_name"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-translate">cairo_translate</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-scale">cairo_scale</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-rotate">cairo_rotate</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-transform">cairo_transform</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-set-matrix">cairo_set_matrix</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-get-matrix">cairo_get_matrix</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-identity-matrix">cairo_identity_matrix</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-user-to-device">cairo_user_to_device</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-user-to-device-distance">cairo_user_to_device_distance</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-device-to-user">cairo_device_to_user</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>
<row><entry role="function_type"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
</entry><entry role="function_name"><link linkend="cairo-device-to-user-distance">cairo_device_to_user_distance</link>&#160;<phrase role="c_punctuation">()</phrase></entry></row>

</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</refsect1>


<refsect1 id="cairo-Transformations.description" role="desc">
<title role="desc.title">Description</title>
<para>The current transformation matrix, <firstterm>ctm</firstterm>, is a
two-dimensional affine transformation that maps all coordinates and other
drawing instruments from the <firstterm>user space</firstterm> into the
surface's canonical coordinate system, also known as the <firstterm>device
space</firstterm>.</para>

</refsect1>
<refsect1 id="cairo-Transformations.functions_details" role="details">
<title role="details.title">Functions</title>
<refsect2 id="cairo-translate" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_translate&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-translate" role="1.0"><primary sortas="translate">cairo_translate</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_translate (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
                 <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> tx</parameter>,
                 <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> ty</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Modifies the current transformation matrix (CTM) by translating the
user-space origin by (<parameter>tx</parameter>
, <parameter>ty</parameter>
). This offset is interpreted as a
user-space coordinate according to the CTM in place before the new
call to <link linkend="cairo-translate"><function>cairo_translate()</function></link>. In other words, the translation of the
user-space origin takes place after any existing transformation.</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-translate.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>tx</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>amount to translate in the X direction</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>ty</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>amount to translate in the Y direction</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-scale" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_scale&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-scale" role="1.0"><primary sortas="scale">cairo_scale</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_scale (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
             <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> sx</parameter>,
             <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> sy</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Modifies the current transformation matrix (CTM) by scaling the X
and Y user-space axes by <parameter>sx</parameter>
 and <parameter>sy</parameter>
 respectively. The scaling of
the axes takes place after any existing transformation of user
space.</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-scale.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>sx</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>scale factor for the X dimension</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>sy</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>scale factor for the Y dimension</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-rotate" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_rotate&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-rotate" role="1.0"><primary sortas="rotate">cairo_rotate</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_rotate (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
              <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> angle</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Modifies the current transformation matrix (CTM) by rotating the
user-space axes by <parameter>angle</parameter>
 radians. The rotation of the axes takes
places after any existing transformation of user space. The
rotation direction for positive angles is from the positive X axis
toward the positive Y axis.</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-rotate.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>angle</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>angle (in radians) by which the user-space axes will be
rotated</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-transform" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_transform&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-transform" role="1.0"><primary sortas="transform">cairo_transform</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_transform (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
                 <parameter>const <link linkend="cairo-matrix-t"><type>cairo_matrix_t</type></link> *matrix</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Modifies the current transformation matrix (CTM) by applying
<parameter>matrix</parameter>
 as an additional transformation. The new transformation of
user space takes place after any existing transformation.</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-transform.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>matrix</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a transformation to be applied to the user-space axes</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-set-matrix" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_set_matrix&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-set-matrix" role="1.0"><primary sortas="set_matrix">cairo_set_matrix</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_set_matrix (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
                  <parameter>const <link linkend="cairo-matrix-t"><type>cairo_matrix_t</type></link> *matrix</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Modifies the current transformation matrix (CTM) by setting it
equal to <parameter>matrix</parameter>
.</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-set-matrix.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>matrix</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a transformation matrix from user space to device space</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-get-matrix" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_get_matrix&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-get-matrix" role="1.0"><primary sortas="get_matrix">cairo_get_matrix</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_get_matrix (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
                  <parameter><link linkend="cairo-matrix-t"><type>cairo_matrix_t</type></link> *matrix</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Stores the current transformation matrix (CTM) into <parameter>matrix</parameter>
.</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-get-matrix.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>matrix</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>return value for the matrix</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-identity-matrix" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_identity_matrix&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-identity-matrix" role="1.0"><primary sortas="identity_matrix">cairo_identity_matrix</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_identity_matrix (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Resets the current transformation matrix (CTM) by setting it equal
to the identity matrix. That is, the user-space and device-space
axes will be aligned and one user-space unit will transform to one
device-space unit.</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-identity-matrix.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-user-to-device" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_user_to_device&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-user-to-device" role="1.0"><primary sortas="user_to_device">cairo_user_to_device</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_user_to_device (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
                      <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> *x</parameter>,
                      <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> *y</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Transform a coordinate from user space to device space by
multiplying the given point by the current transformation matrix
(CTM).</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-user-to-device.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>x</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>X value of coordinate (in/out parameter)</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>y</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>Y value of coordinate (in/out parameter)</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-user-to-device-distance" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_user_to_device_distance&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-user-to-device-distance" role="1.0"><primary sortas="user_to_device_distance">cairo_user_to_device_distance</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_user_to_device_distance (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
                               <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> *dx</parameter>,
                               <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> *dy</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Transform a distance vector from user space to device space. This
function is similar to <link linkend="cairo-user-to-device"><function>cairo_user_to_device()</function></link> except that the
translation components of the CTM will be ignored when transforming
(<parameter>dx</parameter>
,<parameter>dy</parameter>
).</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-user-to-device-distance.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>dx</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>X component of a distance vector (in/out parameter)</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>dy</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>Y component of a distance vector (in/out parameter)</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-device-to-user" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_device_to_user&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-device-to-user" role="1.0"><primary sortas="device_to_user">cairo_device_to_user</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_device_to_user (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
                      <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> *x</parameter>,
                      <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> *y</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Transform a coordinate from device space to user space by
multiplying the given point by the inverse of the current
transformation matrix (CTM).</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-device-to-user.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>x</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>X value of coordinate (in/out parameter)</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>y</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>Y value of coordinate (in/out parameter)</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>
<refsect2 id="cairo-device-to-user-distance" role="function" condition="since:1.0">
<title>cairo_device_to_user_distance&#160;()</title>
<indexterm zone="cairo-device-to-user-distance" role="1.0"><primary sortas="device_to_user_distance">cairo_device_to_user_distance</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting language="C"><link linkend="void"><returnvalue>void</returnvalue></link>
cairo_device_to_user_distance (<parameter><link linkend="cairo-t"><type>cairo_t</type></link> *cr</parameter>,
                               <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> *dx</parameter>,
                               <parameter><link linkend="double"><type>double</type></link> *dy</parameter>);</programlisting>
<para>Transform a distance vector from device space to user space. This
function is similar to <link linkend="cairo-device-to-user"><function>cairo_device_to_user()</function></link> except that the
translation components of the inverse CTM will be ignored when
transforming (<parameter>dx</parameter>
,<parameter>dy</parameter>
).</para>
<refsect3 id="cairo-device-to-user-distance.parameters" role="parameters">
<title>Parameters</title>
<informaltable role="parameters_table" pgwide="1" frame="none">
<tgroup cols="3">
<colspec colname="parameters_name" colwidth="150px"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_description"/>
<colspec colname="parameters_annotations" colwidth="200px"/>
<tbody>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>cr</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>a cairo context</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>dx</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>X component of a distance vector (in/out parameter)</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
<row><entry role="parameter_name"><para>dy</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_description"><para>Y component of a distance vector (in/out parameter)</para></entry>
<entry role="parameter_annotations"></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</refsect3><para role="since">Since: <link linkend="api-index-1.0">1.0</link></para></refsect2>

</refsect1>
<refsect1 id="cairo-Transformations.other_details" role="details">
<title role="details.title">Types and Values</title>

</refsect1>
<refsect1 id="cairo-Transformations.see-also">
<title>See Also</title>
<para><link linkend="cairo-matrix-t"><type>cairo_matrix_t</type></link></para>

</refsect1>

</refentry>
